UJI ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KEAMANAN PANGAN SERTA ANALISIS ZAT GIZI EKSTRAK IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI MAHAKAM SEBAGAI TERAPI ADJUVAN PENYAKIT PARU OBSTRUKSI KRONIS
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) incidence is rising globally, projected to reach 600 million cases by 2050, underscoring the need for integrated therapies including nutritional support. This study evaluates snakehead fish extract from local fishermen in the Mahakam River Basin, East Kalimantan, as Indonesia’s largest producer, as a potential adjuvant therapy for COPD, compared to commercial products. Efficacy was assessed via organoleptic testing (hedonic scale, randomized design), food safety analysis (heavy metals, microbiological contaminants, and chemical contaminants), and nutrient composition (macronutrients, micronutrients, and amino acids). Organoleptic data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests; the Friedman test identified the top-performing groups. Results showed significantly higher consumer acceptance for the local extract than commercial alternatives. The extract fully complied with BPOM Indonesia’s food safety standards, with no hazardous contaminants detected. Nutritional analysis revealed high levels of essential amino acids, proteins, and micronutrients, supporting its role in improving dietary therapy for COPD patients. These findings confirm that locally sourced snakehead fish extract from the Mahakam River Basin is a safe, acceptable, and nutritionally rich adjuvant option, offering a sustainable, regionally appropriate alternative to imported products for COPD management.
Keywords: Channa striata, nutrition analysis, food safety, COPD
ABSTRAK
Angka kejadian PPOK terus meningkat dan diproyeksikan mencapai 600 juta kasus global pada 2050, sehingga memerlukan pendekatan terapi komprehensif, termasuk dukungan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan bahwa Ekstrak Ikan Gabus (EIG) dari DAS Mahakam, Kalimantan Timur penghasil terbesar di Indonesia dapat menjadi alternatif terapi adjuvan yang lebih baik dibanding produk komersial, dilihat dari uji organoleptik, keamanan pangan, dan komposisi gizi. Uji organoleptik menggunakan metode hedonik dengan rancangan acak lengkap; keamanan pangan dianalisis melalui laboratorium untuk logam berat, kontaminan mikrobiologis, dan kimia; serta analisis zat gizi mencakup makronutrien, mikronutrien, dan asam amino. Data organoleptik dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis, dilanjutkan uji Mann-Whitney untuk kelompok yang berbeda signifikan (p<0,05), dan uji Friedman untuk menentukan perlakuan terbaik. Hasil menunjukkan EIG lokal memiliki daya terima konsumen lebih tinggi dibanding produk komersial luar Kalimantan Timur. EIG memenuhi semua standar keamanan pangan BPOM RI dan mengandung nutrisi esensial yang berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas terapi diet pasien PPOK. Kesimpulannya, EIG dari sumber lokal DAS Mahakam merupakan alternatif terapi adjuvan yang aman, diterima baik, dan bernutrisi tinggi untuk mendukung pengelolaan PPOK.
Kata kunci: EIG, analisis gizi, keamanan pangan, PPOK
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